doc/pddp TODO, 1.1, 1.2 all_about_hid.pd, 1.3, 1.4 all_about_hid_mapping.pd, 1.5, 1.6 help-operators.pd, 1.2, 1.3 help-otherbinops.pd, 1.2, 1.3 help-spigot.pd, 1.2, 1.3 - Pd-cvs

18 Apr 2005


      Update of /cvsroot/pure-data/doc/pddp
In directory sc8-pr-cvs1.sourceforge.net:/tmp/cvs-serv11542
Modified Files:
    TODO all_about_hid.pd all_about_hid_mapping.pd 
    help-operators.pd help-otherbinops.pd help-spigot.pd 
Log Message:
some updates to make things fit on the page in Mac OS X; updated some details for Pd 0.38-4
Index: all_about_hid_mapping.pd
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/pure-data/doc/pddp/all_about_hid_mapping.pd,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -C2 -d -r1.5 -r1.6
*** all_about_hid_mapping.pd	19 Dec 2004 18:22:45 -0000	1.5
--- all_about_hid_mapping.pd	18 Apr 2005 00:33:26 -0000	1.6
***************
*** 1,3 ****
! #N canvas 304 56 880 562 10;
  #N canvas 0 22 450 300 graph1 0;
  #X array cuberoot 100 float 0;
--- 1,3 ----
! #N canvas 304 56 896 578 10;
  #N canvas 0 22 450 300 graph1 0;
  #X array cuberoot 100 float 0;
***************
*** 87,91 ****
  18 -233017 -66577 0;
  #X obj 821 3 pddp;
! #X obj 156 329 hid_graph;
  #X obj 9 102 notescale;
  #X obj 653 104 pow 3;
--- 87,91 ----
  18 -233017 -66577 0;
  #X obj 821 3 pddp;
! #X obj 209 398 hid_graph;
  #X obj 9 102 notescale;
  #X obj 653 104 pow 3;
***************
*** 107,119 ****
  #X obj 9 213 buttongate;
  #X obj 88 213 keygate;
! #X text 341 393 - CURVE TEXT IDEAS;
! #X text 370 419 - amplitude is generally perceived on a logarithmic
  scale;
  #X obj 9 124 hid_invert;
! #X text 22 500 (C) Copyright 2004 Hans-Christoph Steiner hans@at.or.at
  ;
! #X text 239 514 released under the GNU GPL;
! #X text 445 501 $Revision$$Date$;
! #X text 446 514 $Author$;
  #X obj 88 167 hid_average;
  #X text 1 83 SCALING AND RANGING;
--- 107,119 ----
  #X obj 9 213 buttongate;
  #X obj 88 213 keygate;
! #X text 341 423 - CURVE TEXT IDEAS;
! #X text 370 449 - amplitude is generally perceived on a logarithmic
  scale;
  #X obj 9 124 hid_invert;
! #X text 22 530 (C) Copyright 2004 Hans-Christoph Steiner hans@at.or.at
  ;
! #X text 239 544 released under the GNU GPL;
! #X text 445 531 $Revision$$Date$;
! #X text 446 544 $Author$;
  #X obj 88 167 hid_average;
  #X text 1 83 SCALING AND RANGING;
***************
*** 126,129 ****
  #X obj 94 262 hid_one2three;
  #X text 379 30 CURVES;
! #X text 371 443 - pitch is perceived on logarithmic scale;
! #X text 371 466 - many sensors work best on other curves;
--- 126,142 ----
  #X obj 94 262 hid_one2three;
  #X text 379 30 CURVES;
! #X text 371 473 - pitch is perceived on logarithmic scale;
! #X text 371 496 - many sensors work best on other curves;
! #X text 1 286 POLAR COORDINATES;
! #X obj 84 303 hid_degrees;
! #X obj 9 303 hid_polar;
! #X obj 174 303 hid_spiral;
! #X obj 10 350 hid2rad;
! #X obj 130 350 hid2deg;
! #X obj 70 350 rad2hid;
! #X obj 190 350 deg2hid;
! #X text 1 330 ANGLE CONVERSIONS;
! #X text 474 386 Objects that start with "hid_" accept input data in
! the range of 0-1 and output data in the same range , allowing you
! to chain as many of these objects together without thinking about scaling
! the resulting data with each step.;
Index: all_about_hid.pd
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/pure-data/doc/pddp/all_about_hid.pd,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -C2 -d -r1.3 -r1.4
*** all_about_hid.pd	28 Nov 2004 23:58:40 -0000	1.3
--- all_about_hid.pd	18 Apr 2005 00:33:26 -0000	1.4
***************
*** 1,3 ****
! #N canvas 281 174 864 594 10;
  #X obj 5 2 cnv 15 850 20 empty empty all_about_hid 20 10 1 18 -233017
  -66577 0;
--- 1,3 ----
! #N canvas 136 163 868 598 10;
  #X obj 5 2 cnv 15 850 20 empty empty all_about_hid 20 10 1 18 -233017
  -66577 0;
***************
*** 10,20 ****
  #X obj 595 437 gemmouse;
  #X text 0 214 KEYBOARDS;
! #X obj 34 233 key;
! #X obj 66 233 keyup;
  #X obj 431 437 gemkeyboard;
  #X obj 659 437 gemtablet;
  #X obj 730 437 gemorb;
  #X obj 517 437 gemkeyname;
! #X obj 111 233 keyname;
  #X text 16 557 (C) Copyright 2004 Hans-Christoph Steiner hans@at.or.at
  ;
--- 10,20 ----
  #X obj 595 437 gemmouse;
  #X text 0 214 KEYBOARDS;
! #X obj 11 233 key;
! #X obj 43 233 keyup;
  #X obj 431 437 gemkeyboard;
  #X obj 659 437 gemtablet;
  #X obj 730 437 gemorb;
  #X obj 517 437 gemkeyname;
! #X obj 88 233 keyname;
  #X text 16 557 (C) Copyright 2004 Hans-Christoph Steiner hans@at.or.at
  ;
***************
*** 22,26 ****
  #X text 429 558 $Revision$$Date$;
  #X text 430 571 $Author$;
! #N canvas 0 22 643 447 deprecated 0;
  #X text 35 38 The use of these objects is deprecated since the functionality
  that they provide is available in the [hid] object , which is a unified
--- 22,26 ----
  #X text 429 558 $Revision$$Date$;
  #X text 430 571 $Author$;
! #N canvas 0 22 647 451 deprecated 0;
  #X text 35 38 The use of these objects is deprecated since the functionality
  that they provide is available in the [hid] object , which is a unified
***************
*** 113,117 ****
  ;
  #X text 3 453 PLATFORM-SPECIFIC HID OBJECTS;
! #X obj 90 528 linuxmouse;
  #X text 15 470 To get full access to some devices , you need to use
  the platform-specific objects. The objects have dummy versions on the
--- 113,117 ----
  ;
  #X text 3 453 PLATFORM-SPECIFIC HID OBJECTS;
! #X obj 254 527 linuxmouse;
  #X text 15 470 To get full access to some devices , you need to use
  the platform-specific objects. The objects have dummy versions on the
***************
*** 123,126 ****
  to the 'printing' characters. [keyname] reports Shift , Ctrl , Alt
  , Meta , etc.;
! #X obj 12 528 linuxhid;
  #X text 435 216 USB mice on Windows or MacOS X;
--- 123,128 ----
  to the 'printing' characters. [keyname] reports Shift , Ctrl , Alt
  , Meta , etc.;
! #X obj 12 527 linuxhid;
  #X text 435 216 USB mice on Windows or MacOS X;
+ #X obj 85 527 darwinhid;
+ #X obj 166 527 windowshid;
Index: help-spigot.pd
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/pure-data/doc/pddp/help-spigot.pd,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -C2 -d -r1.2 -r1.3
*** help-spigot.pd	9 Oct 2004 05:01:05 -0000	1.2
--- help-spigot.pd	18 Apr 2005 00:33:26 -0000	1.3
***************
*** 1,119 ****
! #N canvas 94 12 862 647 10;
! #X msg 16 96 0.5 1000;
! #X floatatom 47 160 1 0 0;
! #X obj 16 177 spigot;
! #X obj 16 198 print;
! #X msg 28 136 walk the cat;
! #X msg 22 116 bang;
! #X obj 35 11 spigot;
! #X text 83 11 - pass or block messages;
! #X text 72 160 control: nonzero to pass messages , zero to stop them
! ;
! #X text 12 294 USING [SPIGOT] TO CREATE A GATE.;
! #X text 15 309 Unlike its closest cousin MAX , PD does not have a
! native [gate] object. There are other PD libraries which include gates
! for both audio and numerical data , but similar routines can be built
! in PD using [spigot]. The example below shows a two-way gate using
! two [spigots] and the [expr] object.;
! #X obj 95 505 spigot;
! #X floatatom 96 459 1 0 0;
! #X text 113 458 controls: open and close the gates.;
! #X floatatom 31 527 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 95 527 5 0 0;
! #X obj 15 400 tgl 15 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1 -1 0 1
! ;
! #X obj 15 418 metro 200;
! #X obj 15 439 f;
! #X obj 39 439 + 1;
! #X obj 126 484 expr 1-$f1;
! #X text 32 398 Click to start sending info through the gates.;
! #X obj 96 439 loadbang;
! #X text 16 38 [spigot] passes messages from its left inlet to its outlet
! , as long as a nonzero number is sent to its right inlet. When its
! right inlet gets zero , incoming messages are "blocked" (i.e. ignored).
! ;
! #X text 14 231 [spigot] works essentially like a doorway. When the
! door is open , messages can pass through. When the door is closed
! , messages are ignored. By default , the door is always closed!;
! #X obj 31 505 spigot;
! #X text 13 547 In the example above , the magic is created by the
! [expr] object which performs a simple calculation using the incoming
! number (1 or 0). Note that the figure "$f1" is a variable which assumes
! the value of the incoming number.;
! #X text 402 36 CREATION ARGUMENTS?;
! #X obj 416 98 spigot 0;
! #X text 404 196 [SPIGOT] FOR AUDIO SIGNALS?;
! #X text 417 213 [spigot] does not work with audio signals. The data
! types which are accepted by this object are floats , symbols , lists
! , bangs , anythings and pointers. However , audio signals require
! a completely different treatment.;
! #X text 414 265 PD does not have a [spigot] for audio signals , but
! the same effect can be created using the following structure:;
! #X obj 418 312 osc~ 800;
! #X obj 386 15 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 386 596 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 418 369 *~;
! #X floatatom 431 352 1 0 0;
! #X obj 400 447 env~;
! #X floatatom 400 468 5 0 0;
! #X msg 628 341 ; pd dsp $1 ;;
! #X obj 628 322 tgl 15 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1 -1 0
! 1;
! #X obj 445 466 dac~;
! #X obj 445 446 *~ 0.05;
! #X text 645 323 Turn on audio computation first.;
! #X text 449 357 Here is the [spigot].;
! #X text 448 370 When "0" , audio signal;
! #X text 447 386 is effectively blocked.;
! #X text 448 400 When "1" , audio signal is;
! #X text 448 415 not effected in any way.;
! #X text 406 498 RELATED OBJECTS;
! #N canvas 0 0 454 304 related_objects_from_other_libraries 0;
! #X obj 40 36 gate;
! #X text 18 86 These objects are offered in PD only if you have downloaded
! and properly installed the appropriate library. These objects may or
! may not exist in a single library.;
! #X text 17 135 The best places to find information about PD's libraries
! is:;
! #X text 14 157 www.puredata.org and click on "Downloads" then "Software"
! ;
! #X text 15 173 or;
! #X text 16 187 iem.kug.ac.at/pdb/;
! #X restore 419 519 pd related_objects_from_other_libraries;
! #X text 453 574 This document was updated for PD version 0.35 test
! 26 by Dave Sabine as part of a project called pddp proposed by Krzysztof
! Czaja to build comprehensive documentation for PD.;
! #X obj 416 170 spigot cat;
! #X obj 490 170 spigot dog;
! #X text 415 119 It also accepts any symbol , but all of these are
! meaningless and have no effect on the operation of the object.;
! #X text 416 54 [spigot] only accepts one numerical creation argument:
! a zero. At creation time the [spigot] is "closed". So this creation
! argument is not needed and is rather useless.;
! #X connect 0 0 2 0;
! #X connect 1 0 2 1;
! #X connect 2 0 3 0;
! #X connect 4 0 2 0;
! #X connect 5 0 2 0;
! #X connect 11 0 15 0;
! #X connect 12 0 20 0;
! #X connect 12 0 25 1;
! #X connect 16 0 17 0;
! #X connect 17 0 18 0;
! #X connect 18 0 19 0;
! #X connect 18 0 11 0;
! #X connect 18 0 25 0;
! #X connect 19 0 18 1;
! #X connect 20 0 11 1;
! #X connect 22 0 12 0;
! #X connect 25 0 14 0;
! #X connect 32 0 35 0;
! #X connect 33 0 34 0;
! #X connect 35 0 37 0;
! #X connect 35 0 42 0;
! #X connect 36 0 35 1;
! #X connect 37 0 38 0;
! #X connect 40 0 39 0;
! #X connect 42 0 41 0;
--- 1,137 ----
! #N canvas 94 22 874 659 10;
! #X msg 8 96 0.5 1000;
! #X floatatom 38 160 1 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 8 177 spigot;
! #X obj 7 198 print;
! #X msg 20 136 walk the cat;
! #X msg 13 116 bang;
! #X obj 27 11 spigot;
! #X text 75 11 - pass or block messages;
! #X text 51 160 control: nonzero to pass messages , zero to stop them
! ;
! #X text 4 294 USING [SPIGOT] TO CREATE A GATE.;
! #X text 14 312 Unlike its closest cousin MAX , PD does not have a
! native [gate] object. There are other PD libraries which include gates
! for both audio and numerical data , but similar routines can be built
! in PD using [spigot]. The example below shows a two-way gate using
! two [spigots] and the [expr] object.;
! #X obj 87 505 spigot;
! #X floatatom 88 459 1 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 105 458 controls: open and close the gates.;
! #X floatatom 23 527 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 87 527 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 4 400 tgl 15 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1 -1 0 1
! ;
! #X obj 7 418 metro 200;
! #X obj 4 439 f;
! #X obj 31 439 + 1;
! #X obj 118 484 expr 1-$f1;
! #X text 24 398 Click to start sending info through the gates.;
! #X obj 88 439 loadbang;
! #X text 8 38 [spigot] passes messages from its left inlet to its outlet
! , as long as a nonzero number is sent to its right inlet. When its
! right inlet gets zero , incoming messages are "blocked" (i.e. ignored).
! ;
! #X text 6 231 [spigot] works essentially like a doorway. When the door
! is open , messages can pass through. When the door is closed , messages
! are ignored. By default , the door is always closed!;
! #X obj 23 505 spigot;
! #X text 5 547 In the example above , the magic is created by the [expr]
! object which performs a simple calculation using the incoming number
! (1 or 0). Note that the figure "$f1" is a variable which assumes the
! value of the incoming number.;
! #X text 447 17 CREATION ARGUMENTS?;
! #X obj 567 98 spigot 0;
! #X text 434 216 [SPIGOT] FOR AUDIO SIGNALS?;
! #X text 447 233 [spigot] does not work with audio signals. The data
! types which are accepted by this object are floats , symbols , lists
! , bangs , anythings and pointers. However , audio signals require
! a completely different treatment.;
! #X text 444 285 PD does not have a [spigot] for audio signals , but
! the same effect can be created using the following structure:;
! #X obj 458 332 osc~ 800;
! #X obj 426 15 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 426 596 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 458 389 *~;
! #X floatatom 471 372 1 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 440 467 env~;
! #X floatatom 440 488 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X msg 598 342 ; pd dsp $1 ;;
! #X obj 598 323 tgl 15 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1 -1 0
! 1;
! #X obj 485 486 dac~;
! #X obj 485 466 *~ 0.05;
! #X text 615 324 Turn on audio computation first.;
! #X text 489 377 Here is the [spigot].;
! #X text 488 390 When "0" , audio signal;
! #X text 487 406 is effectively blocked.;
! #X text 488 420 When "1" , audio signal is;
! #X text 488 435 not effected in any way.;
! #X text 446 518 RELATED OBJECTS;
! #N canvas 0 22 454 304 related_objects_from_other_libraries 0;
! #X obj 40 36 gate;
! #X text 18 86 These objects are offered in PD only if you have downloaded
! and properly installed the appropriate library. These objects may or
! may not exist in a single library.;
! #X text 17 135 The best places to find information about PD's libraries
! is:;
! #X text 14 157 www.puredata.org and click on "Downloads" then "Software"
! ;
! #X text 15 173 or;
! #X text 16 187 iem.kug.ac.at/pdb/;
! #X restore 459 539 pd related_objects_from_other_libraries;
! #X obj 456 188 spigot cat;
! #X obj 534 188 spigot dog;
! #X text 454 33 [spigot] only accepts one numerical creation argument:
! a one or a zero. At creation time the [spigot] is "closed". With a
! one , its defaults to open.;
! #X obj 635 98 spigot 1;
! #X obj 579 71 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -225271 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 511 98 spigot;
! #X obj 511 116 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 567 117 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 635 117 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X text 451 576 This document was updated for Pd version 0.38-4. It
! was edited by Dave Sabine and Hans-Christoph Steiner as part of a project
! called pddp proposed by Krzysztof Czaja to build comprehensive documentation
! for Pd.;
! #X text 455 143 [spigot] used to accept any symbol , but all of these
! are meaningless and have no effect on the operation of the object.
! This was removed in Pd 0.38-3;
! #X connect 0 0 2 0;
! #X connect 1 0 2 1;
! #X connect 2 0 3 0;
! #X connect 4 0 2 0;
! #X connect 5 0 2 0;
! #X connect 11 0 15 0;
! #X connect 12 0 20 0;
! #X connect 12 0 25 1;
! #X connect 16 0 17 0;
! #X connect 17 0 18 0;
! #X connect 18 0 19 0;
! #X connect 18 0 11 0;
! #X connect 18 0 25 0;
! #X connect 19 0 18 1;
! #X connect 20 0 11 1;
! #X connect 22 0 12 0;
! #X connect 25 0 14 0;
! #X connect 28 0 58 0;
! #X connect 32 0 35 0;
! #X connect 33 0 34 0;
! #X connect 35 0 37 0;
! #X connect 35 0 42 0;
! #X connect 36 0 35 1;
! #X connect 37 0 38 0;
! #X connect 40 0 39 0;
! #X connect 42 0 41 0;
! #X connect 54 0 59 0;
! #X connect 55 0 28 0;
! #X connect 55 0 56 0;
! #X connect 55 0 54 0;
! #X connect 56 0 57 0;
Index: help-otherbinops.pd
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/pure-data/doc/pddp/help-otherbinops.pd,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -C2 -d -r1.2 -r1.3
*** help-otherbinops.pd	9 Oct 2004 05:01:05 -0000	1.2
--- help-otherbinops.pd	18 Apr 2005 00:33:26 -0000	1.3
***************
*** 1,435 ****
! #N canvas 16 1 887 655 10;
! #X floatatom 217 438 0 0 0;
! #X floatatom 267 517 0 0 0;
! #X obj 466 28 &;
! #X obj 494 28 |;
! #X obj 574 28 &&;
! #X obj 601 28 ||;
! #X obj 7 25 >;
! #X obj 36 25 >=;
! #X obj 67 24 ==;
! #X obj 125 24 <=;
! #X obj 153 24 <;
! #X obj 217 417 >;
! #X obj 267 496 ==;
! #X obj 96 24 !=;
! #X obj 521 28 <<;
! #X obj 548 28 >>;
! #X obj 627 28 %;
! #X text 464 5 THE LOGICAL OPERATORS -- A.K.A. "Bit Twiddling";
! #X text 6 6 THE RELATIONAL OPERATORS;
! #N canvas 0 0 454 304 understanding_%_modulus 0;
! #X text 24 23 MODULUS - [%];
! #X floatatom 28 187 0 0 0;
! #X text 22 40 - this object has nothing to do with percentage!;
! #X text 20 54 - a modulus is a number by which two given numbers can
! be divided and produce the same remainder.;
! #X text 21 81 - in the example below: 9 / 2 = 4.5 , and 7 / 2 = 3.5.
! Hence if 7 and 9 are divided by 2 , then the remainder of both equations
! is .5. Therefore , the modulus of 7 and 9 is "2".;
! #X msg 28 138 9;
! #X obj 28 166 % 7;
! #X floatatom 62 142 5 0 0;
! #X text 20 222 Note that the modulus operator is not a "bitwise" operator
! , but a math function.;
! #X connect 5 0 6 0;
! #X connect 6 0 1 0;
! #X connect 7 0 6 0;
! #X restore 476 418 pd understanding_%_modulus;
! #X text 478 252 Below is a brief explanation of each of these logical
! operators.;
! #X text 473 53 These objects are adopted from the mother of all object
! oriented languages: C. They are "bitwise" operators which perform logical
! and shift operations on 32-bit numbers.;
! #X text 467 100 WHAT DOES "BITWISE" MEAN?;
! #X text 478 208 Hence , performing "bitwise" relational tests means
! that PD can compare "1101" to "1001" instead of operating with the
! integers that are represented by those binary codes.;
! #N canvas 81 197 456 306 understanding_&_AND 0;
! #X obj 33 216 &;
! #X floatatom 87 182 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 129 183 5 0 0;
! #X msg 33 154 13;
! #X msg 62 155 9;
! #X text 18 18 [&] -- This is the bitwise AND operator which returns
! a "1" for each bit position where the corresponding bits of both its
! operands are "1". For example:;
! #X text 22 67 13 = "1101";
! #X text 28 79 9 = "1001";
! #X text 15 92 Hence:"1001";
! #X obj 33 114 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 33 132 t b b;
! #X text 101 66 When comparing the binary codes for 13 and 9 , we can
! see that the first and fourth digits of both codes are 1 Hence the
! result will be "1001" -- in other words "9".;
! #X floatatom 33 238 0 0 0;
! #X connect 0 0 12 0;
! #X connect 1 0 0 0;
! #X connect 2 0 0 1;
! #X connect 3 0 0 0;
! #X connect 4 0 0 1;
! #X connect 9 0 10 0;
! #X connect 10 0 3 0;
! #X connect 10 1 4 0;
! #X restore 478 286 pd understanding_&_AND;
! #N canvas 190 317 454 304 understanding_|_OR 0;
! #X floatatom 32 247 0 0 0;
! #X floatatom 86 191 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 128 192 5 0 0;
! #X msg 32 163 13;
! #X msg 61 164 9;
! #X text 21 76 13 = "1101";
! #X text 27 88 9 = "1001";
! #X obj 32 123 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 32 141 t b b;
! #X text 18 18 [|] -- This is the bitwise OR operator which returns
! a "1" for each bit position where one OR both of the corresponding
! bits of both its operands is a "1". For example:;
! #X text 14 101 Hence:"1101";
! #X text 98 76 When comparing the binary codes for 13 and 9 , we can
! see that the first and fourth digits of both codes are both 1 and the
! second position of 13 is a one. Hence the result will be "1101" --
! in other words "13".;
! #X obj 32 225 |;
! #X connect 1 0 12 0;
! #X connect 2 0 12 1;
! #X connect 3 0 12 0;
! #X connect 4 0 12 1;
! #X connect 7 0 8 0;
! #X connect 8 0 3 0;
! #X connect 8 1 4 0;
! #X connect 12 0 0 0;
! #X restore 478 307 pd understanding_|_OR;
! #N canvas 0 0 454 304 understanding_<<_LEFT-SHIFT 0;
! #X obj 46 142 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 46 160 t b b;
! #X msg 46 181 13;
! #X obj 46 222 <<;
! #X floatatom 46 244 5 0 0;
! #X msg 74 181 2;
! #X floatatom 112 193 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 160 193 5 0 0;
! #X text 29 25 [<<] -- This is the left shift operator and it works
! by shifting the digits of the binary representation of the first operand
! (left inlet) to the left by the number of places specified by the second
! operand (right inlet). The spaces created to the right are filled by
! zeros , and any digits falling off the left are discarded. The following
! code returns 52 as the binary of 13 ("1101") is shifted two places
! to the left giving "110100":;
! #X connect 0 0 1 0;
! #X connect 1 0 2 0;
! #X connect 1 1 5 0;
! #X connect 2 0 3 0;
! #X connect 3 0 4 0;
! #X connect 5 0 3 1;
! #X connect 6 0 3 0;
! #X connect 7 0 3 1;
! #X restore 477 328 pd understanding_<<_LEFT-SHIFT;
! #N canvas 0 0 456 380 understanding_>>_RIGHT-SHIFT 0;
! #X obj 41 155 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 41 173 t b b;
! #X floatatom 41 257 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 107 206 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 155 206 5 0 0;
! #X msg 41 194 13;
! #X obj 41 235 >>;
! #X msg 69 194 2;
! #X text 33 21 [>>] -- This is the sign-propagating right shift operator
! which shifts the digits of the binary representation of the first operand
! (left inlet) to the right by the number of places specified by the
! second operand (right inlet) , discarding any shifted off to the right.
! The copies of the leftmost bit are added on from the left , thereby
! preserving the sign of the number. This next examples returns 3 ("11")
! as the two right-most bits of 13 ("1101") are shifted off to the right
! and discarded.;
! #X text 33 284 Note that this object preserves negative values for
! negative operands. ("sign-propagating").;
! #X connect 0 0 1 0;
! #X connect 1 0 5 0;
! #X connect 1 1 7 0;
! #X connect 3 0 6 0;
! #X connect 4 0 6 1;
! #X connect 5 0 6 0;
! #X connect 6 0 2 0;
! #X connect 7 0 6 1;
! #X restore 477 350 pd understanding_>>_RIGHT-SHIFT;
! #N canvas 56 51 528 425 understanding_&&_LOGICAL-AND 0;
! #X msg 56 269 5;
! #X obj 25 319 &&;
! #X floatatom 25 339 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 194 277 5 0 0;
! #X text 12 26 [&&] - This is the logical AND operator , which returns
! a Boolean true (a one) if both operands are true. Logically it follows
! that if the first operand is false , then the whole expression is
! false , and this is how the objects works: It first evaluates the
! left hand operand (left inlet) and if this returns false (zero) then
! , without going any further , it returns a false (a zero). Otherwise
! it returns the value of the second operand (right inlet).;
! #X floatatom 237 277 5 0 0;
! #X text 25 364 Note that this is not a bitwise operator. It compares
! floats.;
! #X obj 25 227 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 25 245 t b b;
! #X msg 25 269 17;
! #X text 12 145 In other words , IF the left inlet is zero , THEN
! output zero. ELSEIF the left inlet is non-zero AND the right inlet
! is zero , then output zero. ELSEIF the left inlet is non-zero AND
! the right inlet is non-zero , THEN output non-zero!;
! #X obj 91 227 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 91 245 t b b;
! #X msg 91 269 17;
! #X msg 122 269 0;
! #X connect 0 0 1 1;
! #X connect 1 0 2 0;
! #X connect 3 0 1 0;
! #X connect 5 0 1 1;
! #X connect 7 0 8 0;
! #X connect 8 0 9 0;
! #X connect 8 1 0 0;
! #X connect 9 0 1 0;
! #X connect 11 0 12 0;
! #X connect 12 0 13 0;
! #X connect 12 1 14 0;
! #X connect 13 0 1 0;
! #X connect 14 0 1 1;
! #X restore 477 373 pd understanding_&&_LOGICAL-AND;
! #N canvas 244 51 530 427 understanding_||_LOGICAL-OR 0;
! #X msg 56 269 5;
! #X floatatom 25 339 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 196 280 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 239 280 5 0 0;
! #X text 25 364 Note that this is not a bitwise operator. It compares
! floats.;
! #X obj 25 227 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 25 245 t b b;
! #X msg 25 269 17;
! #X text 17 21 [||] -- This is the logical OR operator and it returns
! a value of true (non-zero) if one or both of the operands is true.
! It works by first evaluating the left-hand operand (left inlet) and
! , if this is true , diregarding the right-hand operand (right inlet)
! and returning a non-zero. If , however , the left-hand operand (left
! inlet) is false , then it returns the value of the right-hand operand
! (right inlet).;
! #X text 12 145 In other words , IF the left inlet is non-zero , THEN
! output non-zero. ELSEIF the left inlet is zero AND the right inlet
! is zero , then output zero. ELSEIF the left inlet is zero AND the
! right inlet is non-zero , THEN output non-zero!;
! #X obj 25 319 ||;
! #X obj 96 226 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 96 244 t b b;
! #X msg 96 268 0;
! #X msg 127 268 0;
! #X connect 0 0 10 1;
! #X connect 2 0 10 0;
! #X connect 3 0 10 1;
! #X connect 5 0 6 0;
! #X connect 6 0 7 0;
! #X connect 6 1 0 0;
! #X connect 7 0 10 0;
! #X connect 10 0 1 0;
! #X connect 11 0 12 0;
! #X connect 12 0 13 0;
! #X connect 12 1 14 0;
! #X connect 13 0 10 0;
! #X connect 14 0 10 1;
! #X restore 477 395 pd understanding_||_LOGICAL-OR;
! #X obj 432 12 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 432 607 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 54 186 == 42;
! #X floatatom 54 165 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 54 212 2 0 0;
! #X obj 79 211 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X msg 24 161 42;
! #X text 9 143 For example: IF 42 is equal to x , then "1" (True);
! #X text 99 203 Note that the object outputs 1 or 0 with every incoming
! message.;
! #X text 10 233 All of these objects operate the same way. The right
! inlet or creation argument sets the "condition" to which the incoming
! messages are compared. The left inlet accepts numbers or a "bang" --
! a number will reset the value and output a true or false (1 or 0) depending
! on whether or not the incoming value meets the necessary condition.
! A "bang" will force the object to output a true or false (1 or 0) based
! on the value that is already stored in the left inlet.;
! #X floatatom 25 378 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 98 345 5 0 0;
! #X text 10 376 a;
! #X text 138 344 b;
! #X text 93 439 Is a greater than b?;
! #X floatatom 242 478 0 0 0;
! #X text 47 478 Is a greater than or equal to b?;
! #X obj 242 457 >=;
! #X text 166 517 Is a equal to b?;
! #X obj 295 534 !=;
! #X floatatom 295 554 0 0 0;
! #X obj 325 367 r a_b;
! #X obj 325 386 unpack f f;
! #X obj 25 395 pack f f;
! #X obj 25 415 s a_b;
! #X obj 98 361 bang;
! #X text 172 555 Is a NOT equal to b?;
! #X floatatom 321 592 0 0 0;
! #X text 215 592 Is a less than b?;
! #X obj 321 572 <;
! #X floatatom 346 631 0 0 0;
! #X obj 346 611 <;
! #X text 168 631 Is a less than or equal to b?;
! #X text 474 583 This document was updated for PD version 0.35 test
! 29 by Dave Sabine as part of a project called pddp proposed by Krzysztof
! Czaja to build comprehensive documentation for PD.;
! #X text 461 460 RELATED OBJECTS;
! #X obj 813 477 +;
! #X text 480 477 Visit the Help document for MATH for more math objects:
! ;
! #N canvas 0 0 452 302 related_objects_from_other_libraries 0;
! #X obj 47 34 strcomp;
! #X text 102 33 Relational tests for strings.;
! #X text 29 104 These objects are offered in PD only if you have downloaded
! and properly installed the appropriate library. These objects may or
! may not exist in a single library.;
! #X text 28 153 The best places to find information about PD's libraries
! is:;
! #X text 25 175 www.puredata.org and click on "Downloads" then "Software"
! ;
! #X text 27 190 or;
! #X text 27 205 iem.kug.ac.at/pdb/;
! #X restore 482 501 pd related_objects_from_other_libraries;
! #X text 478 120 Well , these objects perform "relational" tests on
! the binary forms of 32-bit numbers. For example , the number 13 is
! represented in your computer's operating system in binary code by "1101"
! and the number 9 is "1001". Each of those binary digits is an 8-bit
! word: 8 bits * 4 digits = 32-bits!;
! #X obj 179 24 mod;
! #X obj 206 24 div;
! #X text 8 84 Most relational operators output a boolean value: true
! or false (1 or 0) depending on the relation between the input (left
! inlet) and the condition (right inlet or creation argument).;
! #N canvas 7 1 506 648 understanding_MOD_and_DIV 0;
! #X text 24 5 [mod] and [div] are helpful objects to determine whether
! or not a fraction produces a remainder , or to determine the value
! of the remainder.;
! #X text 24 80 while , 4 / 3 = 1 with a remainder of 1;
! #X text 25 51 For example , 3 / 3 = 1 with a remainder of zero (i.e.
! no remainder).;
! #X floatatom 26 190 0 0 0;
! #X floatatom 26 232 0 0 0;
! #X floatatom 138 192 0 0 0;
! #X text 68 191 divided by;
! #X text 184 192 has a remainder of;
! #X floatatom 300 193 0 0 0;
! #X obj 26 211 mod;
! #X text 22 103 [mod] takes a number in its left inlet and will divide
! that number by either the creation argument or the number given at
! its left inlet and will produce the value of the remainder at its outlet.
! If no creation argument is given , then the default value is 1;
! #X obj 88 173 loadbang;
! #X msg 138 173 1;
! #X text 23 255 [div] takes a number in its left inlet and will divide
! that number by either the creation argument or the number given at
! its left inlet and will produce the result without a remainder. If
! no creation argument is given , then the default value is 1;
! #X floatatom 28 341 0 0 0;
! #X floatatom 28 383 0 0 0;
! #X floatatom 140 343 0 0 0;
! #X text 70 342 divided by;
! #X floatatom 256 344 0 0 0;
! #X obj 90 324 loadbang;
! #X msg 140 324 1;
! #X obj 28 362 div;
! #X text 186 343 is equal to;
! #X text 294 343 with no remainder.;
! #X obj 257 371 /;
! #X floatatom 257 391 0 0 0;
! #X text 237 389 or;
! #X text 310 392 with a remainder.;
! #X text 23 408 In the following example , I've built a metronome which
! counts bar numbers and beat numbers: default time signature is 4/4
! (Common Time).;
! #X obj 23 489 metro 500;
! #X obj 23 470 tgl 15 0 empty empty Start-Stop 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1 -1
! 0 1;
! #X obj 48 510 + 1;
! #X floatatom 23 530 0 0 0;
! #X text 52 532 Total Beat Count;
! #X obj 23 559 div 4;
! #X obj 134 560 mod 4;
! #X floatatom 219 601 0 0 0;
! #X floatatom 108 600 0 0 0;
! #X obj 23 510 f 1;
! #X msg 107 468 1;
! #X obj 23 579 + 1;
! #X obj 134 579 + 1;
! #X text 131 468 Reset;
! #X text 44 599 Bar number;
! #X text 157 601 Beat Count;
! #X floatatom 339 511 0 0 0;
! #X text 196 511 How many beats per bar?;
! #X connect 3 0 9 0;
! #X connect 4 0 8 0;
! #X connect 5 0 9 1;
! #X connect 9 0 4 0;
! #X connect 11 0 12 0;
! #X connect 12 0 5 0;
! #X connect 14 0 21 0;
! #X connect 14 0 24 0;
! #X connect 15 0 18 0;
! #X connect 16 0 21 1;
! #X connect 16 0 24 1;
! #X connect 19 0 20 0;
! #X connect 20 0 16 0;
! #X connect 21 0 15 0;
! #X connect 24 0 25 0;
! #X connect 29 0 38 0;
! #X connect 30 0 29 0;
! #X connect 31 0 38 1;
! #X connect 32 0 34 0;
! #X connect 32 0 35 0;
! #X connect 34 0 40 0;
! #X connect 35 0 41 0;
! #X connect 38 0 31 0;
! #X connect 38 0 32 0;
! #X connect 39 0 38 1;
! #X connect 40 0 37 0;
! #X connect 41 0 36 0;
! #X connect 45 0 35 1;
! #X connect 45 0 34 1;
! #X restore 9 58 pd understanding_MOD_and_DIV;
! #X connect 11 0 0 0;
! #X connect 12 0 1 0;
! #X connect 30 0 31 0;
! #X connect 32 0 34 0;
! #X connect 32 0 35 0;
! #X connect 33 0 32 0;
! #X connect 36 0 32 0;
! #X connect 40 0 53 0;
! #X connect 41 0 53 1;
! #X connect 41 0 55 0;
! #X connect 47 0 45 0;
! #X connect 49 0 50 0;
! #X connect 51 0 52 0;
! #X connect 52 0 11 0;
! #X connect 52 0 47 0;
! #X connect 52 0 12 0;
! #X connect 52 0 49 0;
! #X connect 52 0 59 0;
! #X connect 52 0 61 0;
! #X connect 52 1 11 1;
! #X connect 52 1 47 1;
! #X connect 52 1 12 1;
! #X connect 52 1 49 1;
! #X connect 52 1 59 1;
! #X connect 52 1 61 1;
! #X connect 53 0 54 0;
! #X connect 55 0 40 0;
! #X connect 59 0 57 0;
! #X connect 61 0 60 0;
--- 1,435 ----
! #N canvas 16 22 895 663 10;
! #X floatatom 217 438 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 267 517 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 466 28 &;
! #X obj 494 28 |;
! #X obj 574 28 &&;
! #X obj 601 28 ||;
! #X obj 7 25 >;
! #X obj 36 25 >=;
! #X obj 67 24 ==;
! #X obj 125 24 <=;
! #X obj 153 24 <;
! #X obj 217 417 >;
! #X obj 267 496 ==;
! #X obj 96 24 !=;
! #X obj 521 28 <<;
! #X obj 548 28 >>;
! #X obj 627 28 %;
! #X text 464 5 THE LOGICAL OPERATORS -- A.K.A. "Bit Twiddling";
! #X text 6 6 THE RELATIONAL OPERATORS;
! #N canvas 0 22 454 304 understanding_%_modulus 0;
! #X text 24 23 MODULUS - [%];
! #X floatatom 28 187 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 22 40 - this object has nothing to do with percentage!;
! #X text 20 54 - a modulus is a number by which two given numbers can
! be divided and produce the same remainder.;
! #X text 21 81 - in the example below: 9 / 2 = 4.5 , and 7 / 2 = 3.5.
! Hence if 7 and 9 are divided by 2 , then the remainder of both equations
! is .5. Therefore , the modulus of 7 and 9 is "2".;
! #X msg 28 138 9;
! #X obj 28 166 % 7;
! #X floatatom 62 142 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 20 222 Note that the modulus operator is not a "bitwise" operator
! , but a math function.;
! #X connect 5 0 6 0;
! #X connect 6 0 1 0;
! #X connect 7 0 6 0;
! #X restore 476 418 pd understanding_%_modulus;
! #X text 478 252 Below is a brief explanation of each of these logical
! operators.;
! #X text 473 53 These objects are adopted from the mother of all object
! oriented languages: C. They are "bitwise" operators which perform logical
! and shift operations on 32-bit numbers.;
! #X text 467 100 WHAT DOES "BITWISE" MEAN?;
! #X text 478 208 Hence , performing "bitwise" relational tests means
! that PD can compare "1101" to "1001" instead of operating with the
! integers that are represented by those binary codes.;
! #N canvas 81 197 456 306 understanding_&_AND 0;
! #X obj 33 216 &;
! #X floatatom 87 182 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 129 183 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X msg 33 154 13;
! #X msg 62 155 9;
! #X text 18 18 [&] -- This is the bitwise AND operator which returns
! a "1" for each bit position where the corresponding bits of both its
! operands are "1". For example:;
! #X text 22 67 13 = "1101";
! #X text 28 79 9 = "1001";
! #X text 15 92 Hence:"1001";
! #X obj 33 114 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 33 132 t b b;
! #X text 101 66 When comparing the binary codes for 13 and 9 , we can
! see that the first and fourth digits of both codes are 1 Hence the
! result will be "1001" -- in other words "9".;
! #X floatatom 33 238 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X connect 0 0 12 0;
! #X connect 1 0 0 0;
! #X connect 2 0 0 1;
! #X connect 3 0 0 0;
! #X connect 4 0 0 1;
! #X connect 9 0 10 0;
! #X connect 10 0 3 0;
! #X connect 10 1 4 0;
! #X restore 478 286 pd understanding_&_AND;
! #N canvas 190 317 454 304 understanding_|_OR 0;
! #X floatatom 32 247 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 86 191 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 128 192 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X msg 32 163 13;
! #X msg 61 164 9;
! #X text 21 76 13 = "1101";
! #X text 27 88 9 = "1001";
! #X obj 32 123 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 32 141 t b b;
! #X text 18 18 [|] -- This is the bitwise OR operator which returns
! a "1" for each bit position where one OR both of the corresponding
! bits of both its operands is a "1". For example:;
! #X text 14 101 Hence:"1101";
! #X text 98 76 When comparing the binary codes for 13 and 9 , we can
! see that the first and fourth digits of both codes are both 1 and the
! second position of 13 is a one. Hence the result will be "1101" --
! in other words "13".;
! #X obj 32 225 |;
! #X connect 1 0 12 0;
! #X connect 2 0 12 1;
! #X connect 3 0 12 0;
! #X connect 4 0 12 1;
! #X connect 7 0 8 0;
! #X connect 8 0 3 0;
! #X connect 8 1 4 0;
! #X connect 12 0 0 0;
! #X restore 478 307 pd understanding_|_OR;
! #N canvas 0 22 454 304 understanding_<<_LEFT-SHIFT 0;
! #X obj 46 142 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 46 160 t b b;
! #X msg 46 181 13;
! #X obj 46 222 <<;
! #X floatatom 46 244 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X msg 74 181 2;
! #X floatatom 112 193 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 160 193 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 29 25 [<<] -- This is the left shift operator and it works
! by shifting the digits of the binary representation of the first operand
! (left inlet) to the left by the number of places specified by the second
! operand (right inlet). The spaces created to the right are filled by
! zeros , and any digits falling off the left are discarded. The following
! code returns 52 as the binary of 13 ("1101") is shifted two places
! to the left giving "110100":;
! #X connect 0 0 1 0;
! #X connect 1 0 2 0;
! #X connect 1 1 5 0;
! #X connect 2 0 3 0;
! #X connect 3 0 4 0;
! #X connect 5 0 3 1;
! #X connect 6 0 3 0;
! #X connect 7 0 3 1;
! #X restore 477 328 pd understanding_<<_LEFT-SHIFT;
! #N canvas 0 22 456 380 understanding_>>_RIGHT-SHIFT 0;
! #X obj 41 155 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 41 173 t b b;
! #X floatatom 41 257 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 107 206 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 155 206 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X msg 41 194 13;
! #X obj 41 235 >>;
! #X msg 69 194 2;
! #X text 33 21 [>>] -- This is the sign-propagating right shift operator
! which shifts the digits of the binary representation of the first operand
! (left inlet) to the right by the number of places specified by the
! second operand (right inlet) , discarding any shifted off to the right.
! The copies of the leftmost bit are added on from the left , thereby
! preserving the sign of the number. This next examples returns 3 ("11")
! as the two right-most bits of 13 ("1101") are shifted off to the right
! and discarded.;
! #X text 33 284 Note that this object preserves negative values for
! negative operands. ("sign-propagating").;
! #X connect 0 0 1 0;
! #X connect 1 0 5 0;
! #X connect 1 1 7 0;
! #X connect 3 0 6 0;
! #X connect 4 0 6 1;
! #X connect 5 0 6 0;
! #X connect 6 0 2 0;
! #X connect 7 0 6 1;
! #X restore 477 350 pd understanding_>>_RIGHT-SHIFT;
! #N canvas 56 51 528 425 understanding_&&_LOGICAL-AND 0;
! #X msg 56 269 5;
! #X obj 25 319 &&;
! #X floatatom 25 339 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 194 277 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 12 26 [&&] - This is the logical AND operator , which returns
! a Boolean true (a one) if both operands are true. Logically it follows
! that if the first operand is false , then the whole expression is
! false , and this is how the objects works: It first evaluates the
! left hand operand (left inlet) and if this returns false (zero) then
! , without going any further , it returns a false (a zero). Otherwise
! it returns the value of the second operand (right inlet).;
! #X floatatom 237 277 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 25 364 Note that this is not a bitwise operator. It compares
! floats.;
! #X obj 25 227 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 25 245 t b b;
! #X msg 25 269 17;
! #X text 12 145 In other words , IF the left inlet is zero , THEN
! output zero. ELSEIF the left inlet is non-zero AND the right inlet
! is zero , then output zero. ELSEIF the left inlet is non-zero AND
! the right inlet is non-zero , THEN output non-zero!;
! #X obj 91 227 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 91 245 t b b;
! #X msg 91 269 17;
! #X msg 122 269 0;
! #X connect 0 0 1 1;
! #X connect 1 0 2 0;
! #X connect 3 0 1 0;
! #X connect 5 0 1 1;
! #X connect 7 0 8 0;
! #X connect 8 0 9 0;
! #X connect 8 1 0 0;
! #X connect 9 0 1 0;
! #X connect 11 0 12 0;
! #X connect 12 0 13 0;
! #X connect 12 1 14 0;
! #X connect 13 0 1 0;
! #X connect 14 0 1 1;
! #X restore 477 373 pd understanding_&&_LOGICAL-AND;
! #N canvas 244 51 530 427 understanding_||_LOGICAL-OR 0;
! #X msg 56 269 5;
! #X floatatom 25 339 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 196 280 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 239 280 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 25 364 Note that this is not a bitwise operator. It compares
! floats.;
! #X obj 25 227 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 25 245 t b b;
! #X msg 25 269 17;
! #X text 17 21 [||] -- This is the logical OR operator and it returns
! a value of true (non-zero) if one or both of the operands is true.
! It works by first evaluating the left-hand operand (left inlet) and
! , if this is true , diregarding the right-hand operand (right inlet)
! and returning a non-zero. If , however , the left-hand operand (left
! inlet) is false , then it returns the value of the right-hand operand
! (right inlet).;
! #X text 12 145 In other words , IF the left inlet is non-zero , THEN
! output non-zero. ELSEIF the left inlet is zero AND the right inlet
! is zero , then output zero. ELSEIF the left inlet is zero AND the
! right inlet is non-zero , THEN output non-zero!;
! #X obj 25 319 ||;
! #X obj 96 226 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 96 244 t b b;
! #X msg 96 268 0;
! #X msg 127 268 0;
! #X connect 0 0 10 1;
! #X connect 2 0 10 0;
! #X connect 3 0 10 1;
! #X connect 5 0 6 0;
! #X connect 6 0 7 0;
! #X connect 6 1 0 0;
! #X connect 7 0 10 0;
! #X connect 10 0 1 0;
! #X connect 11 0 12 0;
! #X connect 12 0 13 0;
! #X connect 12 1 14 0;
! #X connect 13 0 10 0;
! #X connect 14 0 10 1;
! #X restore 477 395 pd understanding_||_LOGICAL-OR;
! #X obj 432 12 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 432 607 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 54 186 == 42;
! #X floatatom 54 165 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 28 212 2 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 53 211 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X msg 24 161 42;
! #X text 9 143 For example: IF 42 is equal to x , then "1" (True);
! #X text 73 203 Note that the object outputs 1 or 0 with every incoming
! message.;
! #X text 10 233 All of these objects operate the same way. The right
! inlet or creation argument sets the "condition" to which the incoming
! messages are compared. The left inlet accepts numbers or a "bang" --
! a number will reset the value and output a true or false (1 or 0) depending
! on whether or not the incoming value meets the necessary condition.
! A "bang" will force the object to output a true or false (1 or 0) based
! on the value that is already stored in the left inlet.;
! #X floatatom 25 378 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 98 345 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 10 376 a;
! #X text 138 344 b;
! #X text 63 439 Is a greater than b?;
! #X floatatom 242 478 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 17 478 Is a greater than or equal to b?;
! #X obj 242 457 >=;
! #X text 136 517 Is a equal to b?;
! #X obj 295 534 !=;
! #X floatatom 295 554 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 325 367 r a_b;
! #X obj 325 386 unpack f f;
! #X obj 25 395 pack f f;
! #X obj 25 415 s a_b;
! #X obj 98 361 bang;
! #X text 142 555 Is a NOT equal to b?;
! #X floatatom 321 592 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 185 592 Is a less than b?;
! #X obj 321 572 <;
! #X floatatom 346 631 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 346 611 <;
! #X text 138 631 Is a less than or equal to b?;
! #X text 464 583 This document was updated for PD version 0.35 test
! 29 by Dave Sabine as part of a project called pddp proposed by Krzysztof
! Czaja to build comprehensive documentation for PD.;
! #X text 461 460 RELATED OBJECTS;
! #X obj 853 477 +;
! #X text 460 477 Visit the Help document for MATH for more math objects:
! ;
! #N canvas 0 22 452 302 related_objects_from_other_libraries 0;
! #X obj 47 34 strcomp;
! #X text 102 33 Relational tests for strings.;
! #X text 29 104 These objects are offered in PD only if you have downloaded
! and properly installed the appropriate library. These objects may or
! may not exist in a single library.;
! #X text 28 153 The best places to find information about PD's libraries
! is:;
! #X text 25 175 www.puredata.org and click on "Downloads" then "Software"
! ;
! #X text 27 190 or;
! #X text 27 205 iem.kug.ac.at/pdb/;
! #X restore 482 501 pd related_objects_from_other_libraries;
! #X text 478 120 Well , these objects perform "relational" tests on
! the binary forms of 32-bit numbers. For example , the number 13 is
! represented in your computer's operating system in binary code by "1101"
! and the number 9 is "1001". Each of those binary digits is an 8-bit
! word: 8 bits * 4 digits = 32-bits!;
! #X obj 179 24 mod;
! #X obj 206 24 div;
! #X text 8 84 Most relational operators output a boolean value: true
! or false (1 or 0) depending on the relation between the input (left
! inlet) and the condition (right inlet or creation argument).;
! #N canvas 7 22 514 656 understanding_MOD_and_DIV 0;
! #X text 24 5 [mod] and [div] are helpful objects to determine whether
! or not a fraction produces a remainder , or to determine the value
! of the remainder.;
! #X text 24 80 while , 4 / 3 = 1 with a remainder of 1;
! #X text 25 51 For example , 3 / 3 = 1 with a remainder of zero (i.e.
! no remainder).;
! #X floatatom 26 190 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 26 232 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 138 192 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 58 191 divided by;
! #X text 173 193 has a remainder of;
! #X floatatom 300 193 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 26 211 mod;
! #X text 22 103 [mod] takes a number in its left inlet and will divide
! that number by either the creation argument or the number given at
! its left inlet and will produce the value of the remainder at its outlet.
! If no creation argument is given , then the default value is 1;
! #X obj 78 173 loadbang;
! #X msg 138 173 1;
! #X text 23 255 [div] takes a number in its left inlet and will divide
! that number by either the creation argument or the number given at
! its left inlet and will produce the result without a remainder. If
! no creation argument is given , then the default value is 1;
! #X floatatom 28 341 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 28 383 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 140 343 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 60 342 divided by;
! #X floatatom 256 344 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 80 324 loadbang;
! #X msg 140 324 1;
! #X obj 28 362 div;
! #X text 176 343 is equal to;
! #X text 294 343 with no remainder.;
! #X obj 257 371 /;
! #X floatatom 257 391 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 227 389 or;
! #X text 297 392 with a remainder.;
! #X text 23 408 In the following example , I've built a metronome which
! counts bar numbers and beat numbers: default time signature is 4/4
! (Common Time).;
! #X obj 23 489 metro 500;
! #X obj 23 470 tgl 15 0 empty empty Start-Stop 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1 -1
! 0 1;
! #X obj 48 510 + 1;
! #X floatatom 23 530 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 52 532 Total Beat Count;
! #X obj 23 559 div 4;
! #X obj 134 560 mod 4;
! #X floatatom 219 601 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 108 600 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 23 510 f 1;
! #X msg 107 468 1;
! #X obj 23 579 + 1;
! #X obj 134 579 + 1;
! #X text 131 468 Reset;
! #X text 34 599 Bar number;
! #X text 147 601 Beat Count;
! #X floatatom 339 511 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 176 511 How many beats per bar?;
! #X connect 3 0 9 0;
! #X connect 4 0 8 0;
! #X connect 5 0 9 1;
! #X connect 9 0 4 0;
! #X connect 11 0 12 0;
! #X connect 12 0 5 0;
! #X connect 14 0 21 0;
! #X connect 14 0 24 0;
! #X connect 15 0 18 0;
! #X connect 16 0 21 1;
! #X connect 16 0 24 1;
! #X connect 19 0 20 0;
! #X connect 20 0 16 0;
! #X connect 21 0 15 0;
! #X connect 24 0 25 0;
! #X connect 29 0 38 0;
! #X connect 30 0 29 0;
! #X connect 31 0 38 1;
! #X connect 32 0 34 0;
! #X connect 32 0 35 0;
! #X connect 34 0 40 0;
! #X connect 35 0 41 0;
! #X connect 38 0 31 0;
! #X connect 38 0 32 0;
! #X connect 39 0 38 1;
! #X connect 40 0 37 0;
! #X connect 41 0 36 0;
! #X connect 45 0 35 1;
! #X connect 45 0 34 1;
! #X restore 9 58 pd understanding_MOD_and_DIV;
! #X connect 11 0 0 0;
! #X connect 12 0 1 0;
! #X connect 30 0 31 0;
! #X connect 32 0 34 0;
! #X connect 32 0 35 0;
! #X connect 33 0 32 0;
! #X connect 36 0 32 0;
! #X connect 40 0 53 0;
! #X connect 41 0 53 1;
! #X connect 41 0 55 0;
! #X connect 47 0 45 0;
! #X connect 49 0 50 0;
! #X connect 51 0 52 0;
! #X connect 52 0 11 0;
! #X connect 52 0 47 0;
! #X connect 52 0 12 0;
! #X connect 52 0 49 0;
! #X connect 52 0 59 0;
! #X connect 52 0 61 0;
! #X connect 52 1 11 1;
! #X connect 52 1 47 1;
! #X connect 52 1 12 1;
! #X connect 52 1 49 1;
! #X connect 52 1 59 1;
! #X connect 52 1 61 1;
! #X connect 53 0 54 0;
! #X connect 55 0 40 0;
! #X connect 59 0 57 0;
! #X connect 61 0 60 0;
Index: help-operators.pd
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/pure-data/doc/pddp/help-operators.pd,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -C2 -d -r1.2 -r1.3
*** help-operators.pd	9 Oct 2004 05:01:05 -0000	1.2
--- help-operators.pd	18 Apr 2005 00:33:26 -0000	1.3
***************
*** 1,283 ****
! #N canvas 23 29 920 640 10;
! #X obj 622 350 +~;
! #X obj 626 499 trigger;
! #X text 25 8 ARITHMETIC;
! #X text 30 29 PD's arithmetic objects include:;
! #X obj 231 30 +;
! #X obj 256 30 -;
! #X obj 282 30 *;
! #X obj 308 30 /;
! #X obj 334 30 pow;
! #X obj 359 30 max;
! #X obj 385 30 min;
! #X obj 32 276 +;
! #X floatatom 32 205 0 0 0;
! #X floatatom 32 297 0 0 0;
! #X floatatom 45 228 0 0 0;
! #X msg 63 254 bang;
! #X text 98 255 Bang outputs sum;
! #X text 70 204 Numbers in left inlet add and output sum;
! #X text 87 227 Numbers in right inlet only change the inlet's value
! ;
! #X text 29 171 The example below performs basic addition with two numbers:
! i.e. a + b = c;
! #X text 28 54 All of these objects operate the same way. The right
! inlet sets or changes the numeric value of the object. Sending a number
! to the left inlet forces the object to perform the operation with the
! current numeric value of the object and output the result. A "bang"
! will output the result without changing the numeric values at either
! inlet. A creation argument can be used to define the initial numeric
! value of the right inlet.;
! #X text 29 325 The example below incorporates a creation argument:
! i.e. a + 42 = b;
! #X floatatom 29 357 0 0 0;
! #X floatatom 29 400 0 0 0;
! #X obj 29 379 + 42;
! #N canvas 38 134 637 241 basic_examples 0;
! #X obj 44 129 +;
! #X obj 113 129 -;
! #X obj 179 129 *;
! #X obj 244 129 /;
! #X obj 316 129 pow;
! #X obj 394 129 max;
! #X obj 482 129 min;
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! #X msg 360 32 bang;
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! #X connect 5 0 13 0;
! #X connect 6 0 14 0;
! #X connect 7 0 0 0;
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! #X connect 7 0 2 0;
! #X connect 7 0 3 0;
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! #X connect 7 0 6 0;
! #X connect 15 0 6 1;
! #X connect 15 0 5 1;
! #X connect 15 0 4 1;
! #X connect 15 0 3 1;
! #X connect 15 0 2 1;
! #X connect 15 0 1 1;
! #X connect 15 0 0 1;
! #X connect 16 0 0 0;
! #X connect 16 0 1 0;
! #X connect 16 0 2 0;
! #X connect 16 0 3 0;
! #X connect 16 0 4 0;
! #X connect 16 0 5 0;
! #X connect 16 0 6 0;
! #X restore 28 542 pd basic_examples;
! #X text 29 425 + - * / are probably self-explanatory...if you are using
! PD , then it is safe to say that you have passed third grade.;
! #X text 27 463 However , [pow] , [max] , and [min] objects may need
! some explanation.;
! #N canvas 0 0 452 302 understanding_POW 0;
! #X text 12 25 [POW];
! #X obj 17 66 pow 2;
! #X floatatom 17 86 2 0 0;
! #X msg 17 46 2;
! #X text 61 115 - it is important to note that [pow] only works with
! NON-negative mantissas. That is to say that negative floating point
! fractions will be ignored.;
! #X obj 18 153 pow 2;
! #X floatatom 18 173 2 0 0;
! #X msg 13 111 -2;
! #X msg 24 132 -1.5;
! #X text 65 202 - however , [pow] is capable of computing negative
! exponents!;
! #X floatatom 19 201 0 0 0;
! #X obj 19 221 pow -2;
! #X floatatom 19 242 0 0 0;
! #X text 57 39 - this object is used to exponentiate a number. The object
! returns the value at the left inlet to the power of the right inlet
! where the left inlet is the base and the right inlet is the exponent.
! For example: 2 to the power of 2 = 4 (i.e. 2 Squared);
! #X connect 1 0 2 0;
! #X connect 3 0 1 0;
! #X connect 5 0 6 0;
! #X connect 7 0 5 0;
! #X connect 8 0 5 0;
! #X connect 10 0 11 0;
! #X connect 11 0 12 0;
! #X restore 28 497 pd understanding_POW;
! #N canvas 0 0 474 341 understanding_MAX_and_MIN 0;
! #X text 34 9 [MAX];
! #X obj 32 51 max 10;
! #X floatatom 32 29 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 32 76 5 0 0;
! #X text 87 26 - [max] returns the greater of the two numbers passed
! to its inlets. For example , if the creation argument (or right inlet)
! is equal to 10 , and you send 9 to the left inlet then the object
! will return 10 If you pass it an 11 , then object returns 11;
! #X floatatom 33 116 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 33 163 5 0 0;
! #X text 35 96 [MIN];
! #X text 88 113 - [min] returns the lesser of the two numbers passed
! to its inlets. For example , if the creation argument (or right inlet)
! is equal to 10 , and you send 9 to the left inlet then the object
! will return 9 If you pass it an 11 , then object returns 10;
! #X obj 33 138 min 10;
! #X text 32 185 - It is important to note that [max] and [min] output
! a number with every number or "bang" that is sent to the left inlet.
! ;
! #X floatatom 35 234 5 0 0;
! #X floatatom 35 282 5 0 0;
! #X obj 35 256 min 10;
! #X obj 76 281 bng 15 50 10 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X text 80 232 Move this number box above 10;
! #X connect 1 0 3 0;
! #X connect 2 0 1 0;
! #X connect 5 0 9 0;
! #X connect 9 0 6 0;
! #X connect 11 0 13 0;
! #X connect 13 0 12 0;
! #X connect 13 0 14 0;
! #X restore 28 519 pd understanding_MAX_and_MIN;
! #X obj 430 568 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 430 12 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X text 469 20 THE SUM OF MANY NUMBERS;
! #X text 473 40 PD has wonderful object called [expr] which allows you
! to write mathematical expressions. I would suggest that you investigate
! the [expr] object to process basic mathematical equations with more
! than 2 separate values.;
! #X msg 481 151 bang;
! #X obj 481 203 random 10;
! #X obj 543 203 random 10;
! #X obj 605 203 random 10;
! #X text 509 222 a;
! #X text 571 223 b;
! #X text 632 222 c;
! #X text 512 288 d;
! #X floatatom 481 288 0 0 0;
! #X obj 481 172 t b b b;
! #X obj 481 245 +;
! #X obj 481 266 +;
! #X floatatom 481 223 0 0 0;
! #X floatatom 543 223 0 0 0;
! #X floatatom 605 223 0 0 0;
! #X text 474 102 Having said that , it IS possible to build equations
! with multiple elements using these basic math objects , as in the
! example below: (i.e. a + b + c = d);
! #X text 469 324 RELATED OBJECTS;
! #X obj 651 350 -~;
! #X obj 680 350 *~;
! #X obj 708 350 /~;
! #X obj 736 350 max~;
! #X obj 766 350 min~;
! #X text 550 350 Audio Math;
! #X obj 622 374 ==;
! #X obj 680 374 >;
! #X obj 736 374 <;
! #X obj 708 374 >=;
! #X obj 766 373 <=;
! #X obj 652 374 !=;
! #X text 514 375 Relational Tests;
! #X text 508 398 Logical Operators;
! #X obj 623 398 &;
! #X obj 652 398 |;
! #X obj 680 398 &&;
! #X obj 708 398 ||;
! #X obj 736 398 <<;
! #X obj 766 398 >>;
! #X obj 680 499 expr;
! #X obj 622 422 mtof;
! #X obj 653 422 ftom;
! #X obj 684 422 powtodb;
! #X obj 734 422 rmstodb;
! #X obj 784 422 dbtopow;
! #X obj 834 422 dbtorms;
! #X text 455 423 Acoustical Unit Conversion;
! #X text 547 450 Higher Math;
! #X obj 793 374 mod;
! #X obj 820 374 div;
! #X obj 626 449 sin;
! #X obj 652 449 cos;
! #X obj 679 449 tan;
! #X obj 706 449 atan;
! #X obj 625 473 atan2;
! #X obj 716 499 random;
! #X obj 663 473 sqrt;
! #X obj 694 473 log;
! #X obj 720 473 exp;
! #X obj 746 473 abs;
! #X text 580 499 Other;
! #N canvas 181 122 454 304 related_objects_from_other_libraries 0;
! #X obj 37 25 vector+;
! #X obj 37 45 vector-;
! #X obj 37 65 vector*;
! #X obj 85 25 vector/;
! #X obj 85 45 rgb2hsv;
! #X obj 85 65 hsv2rgb;
! #X obj 133 25 abs~;
! #X obj 133 45 db2v;
! #X obj 133 65 v2db;
! #X obj 163 25 avg~;
! #X obj 164 45 tavg~;
! #X obj 164 65 pdf~;
! #X obj 201 24 <~;
! #X obj 201 45 ==~;
! #X obj 201 67 >~;
! #X obj 228 25 &&~;
! #X obj 228 46 ||~;
! #X obj 228 67 matrix~;
! #X obj 280 25 mavg;
! #X obj 280 46 mean;
! #X obj 280 68 divide;
! #X obj 323 27 divmod;
! #X obj 324 47 minus;
! #X obj 324 67 plus;
! #X text 29 104 These objects are offered in PD only if you have downloaded
! and properly installed the appropriate library. These objects may or
! may not exist in a single library.;
! #X text 28 153 The best places to find information about PD's libraries
! is:;
! #X text 25 175 www.puredata.org and click on "Downloads" then "Software"
! ;
! #X text 27 190 or;
! #X text 27 205 iem.kug.ac.at/pdb/;
! #X obj 370 27 q8_rsqrt~;
! #X obj 370 51 q8_sqrt~;
! #X restore 520 537 pd related_objects_from_other_libraries;
! #X obj 763 499 f;
! #X obj 791 499 int;
! #X obj 794 398 %;
! #X obj 251 539 timer;
! #X text 292 584 This document was updated for PD version 0.35 test
! 28 by Dave Sabine as part of a project called pddp proposed by Krzysztof
! Czaja to build comprehensive documentation for PD.;
! #X obj 739 449 pow;
! #X connect 11 0 13 0;
! #X connect 12 0 11 0;
! #X connect 14 0 11 1;
! #X connect 15 0 11 0;
! #X connect 22 0 24 0;
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--- 1,283 ----
! #N canvas 23 29 924 644 10;
! #X obj 637 350 +~;
! #X obj 641 499 trigger;
! #X text 25 8 ARITHMETIC;
! #X text 30 29 PD's arithmetic objects include:;
! #X obj 231 30 +;
! #X obj 256 30 -;
! #X obj 282 30 *;
! #X obj 308 30 /;
! #X obj 334 30 pow;
! #X obj 359 30 max;
! #X obj 385 30 min;
! #X obj 32 276 +;
! #X floatatom 32 205 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 32 297 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 45 228 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X msg 63 254 bang;
! #X text 98 255 Bang outputs sum;
! #X text 70 204 Numbers in left inlet add and output sum;
! #X text 87 227 Numbers in right inlet only change the inlet's value
! ;
! #X text 29 171 The example below performs basic addition with two numbers:
! i.e. a + b = c;
! #X text 28 54 All of these objects operate the same way. The right
! inlet sets or changes the numeric value of the object. Sending a number
! to the left inlet forces the object to perform the operation with the
! current numeric value of the object and output the result. A "bang"
! will output the result without changing the numeric values at either
! inlet. A creation argument can be used to define the initial numeric
! value of the right inlet.;
! #X text 29 325 The example below incorporates a creation argument:
! i.e. a + 42 = b;
! #X floatatom 29 357 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 29 400 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 29 379 + 42;
! #N canvas 38 134 637 241 basic_examples 0;
! #X obj 44 129 +;
! #X obj 113 129 -;
! #X obj 179 129 *;
! #X obj 244 129 /;
! #X obj 316 129 pow;
! #X obj 394 129 max;
! #X obj 482 129 min;
! #X floatatom 44 32 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 44 150 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 113 149 0 0 0 0 - - -;
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! #X floatatom 394 150 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 482 149 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 495 32 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X msg 360 32 bang;
! #X connect 0 0 8 0;
! #X connect 1 0 9 0;
! #X connect 2 0 10 0;
! #X connect 3 0 11 0;
! #X connect 4 0 12 0;
! #X connect 5 0 13 0;
! #X connect 6 0 14 0;
! #X connect 7 0 0 0;
! #X connect 7 0 1 0;
! #X connect 7 0 2 0;
! #X connect 7 0 3 0;
! #X connect 7 0 4 0;
! #X connect 7 0 5 0;
! #X connect 7 0 6 0;
! #X connect 15 0 6 1;
! #X connect 15 0 5 1;
! #X connect 15 0 4 1;
! #X connect 15 0 3 1;
! #X connect 15 0 2 1;
! #X connect 15 0 1 1;
! #X connect 15 0 0 1;
! #X connect 16 0 0 0;
! #X connect 16 0 1 0;
! #X connect 16 0 2 0;
! #X connect 16 0 3 0;
! #X connect 16 0 4 0;
! #X connect 16 0 5 0;
! #X connect 16 0 6 0;
! #X restore 28 542 pd basic_examples;
! #X text 29 425 + - * / are probably self-explanatory...if you are using
! PD , then it is safe to say that you have passed third grade.;
! #X text 27 463 However , [pow] , [max] , and [min] objects may need
! some explanation.;
! #N canvas 0 22 452 302 understanding_POW 0;
! #X text 12 25 [POW];
! #X obj 17 66 pow 2;
! #X floatatom 17 86 2 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X msg 17 46 2;
! #X text 61 115 - it is important to note that [pow] only works with
! NON-negative mantissas. That is to say that negative floating point
! fractions will be ignored.;
! #X obj 18 153 pow 2;
! #X floatatom 18 173 2 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X msg 13 111 -2;
! #X msg 24 132 -1.5;
! #X text 65 202 - however , [pow] is capable of computing negative
! exponents!;
! #X floatatom 19 201 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 19 221 pow -2;
! #X floatatom 19 242 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 57 39 - this object is used to exponentiate a number. The object
! returns the value at the left inlet to the power of the right inlet
! where the left inlet is the base and the right inlet is the exponent.
! For example: 2 to the power of 2 = 4 (i.e. 2 Squared);
! #X connect 1 0 2 0;
! #X connect 3 0 1 0;
! #X connect 5 0 6 0;
! #X connect 7 0 5 0;
! #X connect 8 0 5 0;
! #X connect 10 0 11 0;
! #X connect 11 0 12 0;
! #X restore 28 497 pd understanding_POW;
! #N canvas 0 22 474 341 understanding_MAX_and_MIN 0;
! #X text 34 9 [MAX];
! #X obj 32 51 max 10;
! #X floatatom 32 29 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 32 76 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 87 26 - [max] returns the greater of the two numbers passed
! to its inlets. For example , if the creation argument (or right inlet)
! is equal to 10 , and you send 9 to the left inlet then the object
! will return 10 If you pass it an 11 , then object returns 11;
! #X floatatom 33 116 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 33 163 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 35 96 [MIN];
! #X text 88 113 - [min] returns the lesser of the two numbers passed
! to its inlets. For example , if the creation argument (or right inlet)
! is equal to 10 , and you send 9 to the left inlet then the object
! will return 9 If you pass it an 11 , then object returns 10;
! #X obj 33 138 min 10;
! #X text 32 185 - It is important to note that [max] and [min] output
! a number with every number or "bang" that is sent to the left inlet.
! ;
! #X floatatom 35 234 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 35 282 5 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 35 256 min 10;
! #X obj 76 281 bng 15 50 10 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
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! #X text 80 232 Move this number box above 10;
! #X connect 1 0 3 0;
! #X connect 2 0 1 0;
! #X connect 5 0 9 0;
! #X connect 9 0 6 0;
! #X connect 11 0 13 0;
! #X connect 13 0 12 0;
! #X connect 13 0 14 0;
! #X restore 28 519 pd understanding_MAX_and_MIN;
! #X obj 430 568 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X obj 430 12 bng 15 250 50 0 empty empty empty 0 -6 0 8 -262144 -1
! -1;
! #X text 469 20 THE SUM OF MANY NUMBERS;
! #X text 473 40 PD has wonderful object called [expr] which allows you
! to write mathematical expressions. I would suggest that you investigate
! the [expr] object to process basic mathematical equations with more
! than 2 separate values.;
! #X msg 481 151 bang;
! #X obj 481 203 random 10;
! #X obj 543 203 random 10;
! #X obj 605 203 random 10;
! #X text 509 222 a;
! #X text 571 223 b;
! #X text 632 222 c;
! #X text 512 288 d;
! #X floatatom 481 288 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X obj 481 172 t b b b;
! #X obj 481 245 +;
! #X obj 481 266 +;
! #X floatatom 481 223 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 543 223 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X floatatom 605 223 0 0 0 0 - - -;
! #X text 474 102 Having said that , it IS possible to build equations
! with multiple elements using these basic math objects , as in the
! example below: (i.e. a + b + c = d);
! #X text 469 324 RELATED OBJECTS;
! #X obj 666 350 -~;
! #X obj 695 350 *~;
! #X obj 723 350 /~;
! #X obj 751 350 max~;
! #X obj 781 350 min~;
! #X text 540 350 Audio Math;
! #X obj 637 374 ==;
! #X obj 695 374 >;
! #X obj 751 374 <;
! #X obj 723 374 >=;
! #X obj 781 373 <=;
! #X obj 667 374 !=;
! #X text 504 375 Relational Tests;
! #X text 498 398 Logical Operators;
! #X obj 638 398 &;
! #X obj 667 398 |;
! #X obj 695 398 &&;
! #X obj 723 398 ||;
! #X obj 751 398 <<;
! #X obj 781 398 >>;
! #X obj 695 499 expr;
! #X obj 637 422 mtof;
! #X obj 668 422 ftom;
! #X obj 699 422 powtodb;
! #X obj 749 422 rmstodb;
! #X obj 799 422 dbtopow;
! #X obj 849 422 dbtorms;
! #X text 445 423 Acoustical Unit Conversion;
! #X text 537 450 Higher Math;
! #X obj 808 374 mod;
! #X obj 835 374 div;
! #X obj 641 449 sin;
! #X obj 667 449 cos;
! #X obj 694 449 tan;
! #X obj 721 449 atan;
! #X obj 640 473 atan2;
! #X obj 731 499 random;
! #X obj 678 473 sqrt;
! #X obj 709 473 log;
! #X obj 735 473 exp;
! #X obj 761 473 abs;
! #X text 570 499 Other;
! #N canvas 181 122 454 304 related_objects_from_other_libraries 0;
! #X obj 37 25 vector+;
! #X obj 37 45 vector-;
! #X obj 37 65 vector*;
! #X obj 85 25 vector/;
! #X obj 85 45 rgb2hsv;
! #X obj 85 65 hsv2rgb;
! #X obj 133 25 abs~;
! #X obj 133 45 db2v;
! #X obj 133 65 v2db;
! #X obj 163 25 avg~;
! #X obj 164 45 tavg~;
! #X obj 164 65 pdf~;
! #X obj 201 24 <~;
! #X obj 201 45 ==~;
! #X obj 201 67 >~;
! #X obj 228 25 &&~;
! #X obj 228 46 ||~;
! #X obj 228 67 matrix~;
! #X obj 280 25 mavg;
! #X obj 280 46 mean;
! #X obj 280 68 divide;
! #X obj 323 27 divmod;
! #X obj 324 47 minus;
! #X obj 324 67 plus;
! #X text 29 104 These objects are offered in PD only if you have downloaded
! and properly installed the appropriate library. These objects may or
! may not exist in a single library.;
! #X text 28 153 The best places to find information about PD's libraries
! is:;
! #X text 25 175 www.puredata.org and click on "Downloads" then "Software"
! ;
! #X text 27 190 or;
! #X text 27 205 iem.kug.ac.at/pdb/;
! #X obj 370 27 q8_rsqrt~;
! #X obj 370 51 q8_sqrt~;
! #X restore 520 537 pd related_objects_from_other_libraries;
! #X obj 778 499 f;
! #X obj 806 499 int;
! #X obj 809 398 %;
! #X obj 251 539 timer;
! #X text 292 584 This document was updated for PD version 0.35 test
! 28 by Dave Sabine as part of a project called pddp proposed by Krzysztof
! Czaja to build comprehensive documentation for PD.;
! #X obj 754 449 pow;
! #X connect 11 0 13 0;
! #X connect 12 0 11 0;
! #X connect 14 0 11 1;
! #X connect 15 0 11 0;
! #X connect 22 0 24 0;
! #X connect 24 0 23 0;
! #X connect 31 0 30 0;
! #X connect 34 0 43 0;
! #X connect 35 0 46 0;
! #X connect 36 0 47 0;
! #X connect 37 0 48 0;
! #X connect 43 0 35 0;
! #X connect 43 1 36 0;
! #X connect 43 2 37 0;
! #X connect 44 0 45 0;
! #X connect 45 0 42 0;
! #X connect 46 0 44 0;
! #X connect 47 0 44 1;
! #X connect 48 0 45 1;
Index: TODO
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/pure-data/doc/pddp/TODO,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -C2 -d -r1.1 -r1.2
*** TODO	20 Nov 2004 03:51:01 -0000	1.1
--- TODO	18 Apr 2005 00:33:26 -0000	1.2
***************
*** 4,6 ****
  - make a Pd patch to launch table_of_contents.pd to solve recursive problem
! 
--- 4,7 ----
  - make a Pd patch to launch table_of_contents.pd to solve recursive problem
! - make [pddp] a patch that opens the filename given as an argument using an
!   internal GOP bang.  For example: [[]pddp all_about_hid].